Casey Fiesler on Research Ethics
https://howwegettonext.com/scientists-like-me-are-studying-your-tweets-are-y... *Scientists... have an ethical obligation to exercise a higher standard of care for people in more vulnerable positions, and this should extend to collecting data from potentially vulnerable groups in digital spaces.* -- --------------------------------------------------------------- Joly MacFie 218 565 9365 Skype:punkcast -------------------------------------------------------------- -
Yes. And thanks very much for this. It's hard to tell - but a good portion of this reads more or less straight out of the AoIR ethics guidelines, including the draft for Internet Research Ethics 3.0 distributed last fall in conjunction with the annual conference. Including the emphases on moving away from "rule-book" / tick-box approaches to what we call (along with many others) dialogical / process-oriented ethics grounded in the fine-grained specifics of a given case. The invocation of care (thereby, I suppose, more specifically (feminist) care ethics) is also intriguing. This is in part because over the past few years (since 2014 or so), I've been seeing more such invocations from network engineers (yes, this means you, AoIRist Bendert Zevenbergen) and computer scientists, including the ethical backgrounds to the emerging standards for "ethically-aligned design" by the IEEE. Let me hastily clarify: I'm _not_ at all saying there was some sort of plagiarism. Though it would be very interesting and helpful to know what her sources are, e.g., the newest ACM guidelines, the IEEE project, or perhaps even the AoIR guidelines, just so that we can incorporate the article in our resource list and have a better sense of where it might best be indexed, etc. However that may be: I _am_ saying there's a wonderful consonance / resonance, which I take to be a Very Good Thing. Indeed, in light of the past four decades or so of efforts towards better dialogue and cooperation between the more philosophical / applied ethics folk and the multiple professional communities directly engaged with the engineering, design, and implementation of these technologies - these sorts of endorsements within the latter communities of such nuanced and demanding ethical approaches is a remarkable and, in my view, most propitious development. Thanks for sharing! - charles ess On 26/03/2019 09:20, Joly MacFie wrote:
https://howwegettonext.com/scientists-like-me-are-studying-your-tweets-are-y...
*Scientists... have an ethical obligation to exercise a higher standard of care for people in more vulnerable positions, and this should extend to collecting data from potentially vulnerable groups in digital spaces.*
-- Professor in Media Studies Department of Media and Communication University of Oslo <http://www.hf.uio.no/imk/english/people/aca/charlees/index.html> Postboks 1093 Blindern 0317 Oslo, Norway c.m.ess@media.uio.no
Hi Charles, I’m glad you are thinking about incorporating Casey’s short op-ed into the index. I co-authored one of the underlying pieces that the op-ed is based on: “Participant” Perceptions of Twitter Research Ethics [which, if you haven’t read you might enjoy: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305118763366] In that work, we specifically reference AOIR’s guidelines (and the community’s ongoing revisions to the guidelines) in addition to other major sources that inform contemporary research ethics principles (Belmont Report, 45 CFR 46.101 in the U.S.). Many of our findings sync nicely with what's in the AOIR guidelines. We also suggest some additional considerations researchers may want to think about based on the findings our survey of users’ levels of comfort and awareness of how researchers are using their data. - Nick Proferes ________________________________ From: Air-L <air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org> on behalf of Charles M. Ess <c.m.ess@media.uio.no> Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2019 4:40:50 AM To: air-l@listserv.aoir.org Subject: Re: [Air-L] Casey Fiesler on Research Ethics Yes. And thanks very much for this. It's hard to tell - but a good portion of this reads more or less straight out of the AoIR ethics guidelines, including the draft for Internet Research Ethics 3.0 distributed last fall in conjunction with the annual conference. Including the emphases on moving away from "rule-book" / tick-box approaches to what we call (along with many others) dialogical / process-oriented ethics grounded in the fine-grained specifics of a given case. The invocation of care (thereby, I suppose, more specifically (feminist) care ethics) is also intriguing. This is in part because over the past few years (since 2014 or so), I've been seeing more such invocations from network engineers (yes, this means you, AoIRist Bendert Zevenbergen) and computer scientists, including the ethical backgrounds to the emerging standards for "ethically-aligned design" by the IEEE. Let me hastily clarify: I'm _not_ at all saying there was some sort of plagiarism. Though it would be very interesting and helpful to know what her sources are, e.g., the newest ACM guidelines, the IEEE project, or perhaps even the AoIR guidelines, just so that we can incorporate the article in our resource list and have a better sense of where it might best be indexed, etc. However that may be: I _am_ saying there's a wonderful consonance / resonance, which I take to be a Very Good Thing. Indeed, in light of the past four decades or so of efforts towards better dialogue and cooperation between the more philosophical / applied ethics folk and the multiple professional communities directly engaged with the engineering, design, and implementation of these technologies - these sorts of endorsements within the latter communities of such nuanced and demanding ethical approaches is a remarkable and, in my view, most propitious development. Thanks for sharing! - charles ess On 26/03/2019 09:20, Joly MacFie wrote:
*Scientists... have an ethical obligation to exercise a higher standard of care for people in more vulnerable positions, and this should extend to collecting data from potentially vulnerable groups in digital spaces.*
-- Professor in Media Studies Department of Media and Communication University of Oslo <https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hf.uio.no%2Fimk%2Fenglish%2Fpeople%2Faca%2Fcharlees%2Findex.html&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=CDmVsdgKJZ%2FNDsXqK75BpexXxTOkojyjVLC0S0krjn4%3D&reserved=0> Postboks 1093 Blindern 0317 Oslo, Norway c.m.ess@media.uio.no _______________________________________________ The Air-L@listserv.aoir.org mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Faoir.org&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=kVhq%2FkVYCXMZEFA40gnS%2BqtLdckq0xRvgfh%2BGIWZD3k%3D&reserved=0 Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flistserv.aoir.org%2Flistinfo.cgi%2Fair-l-aoir.org&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=lyYFkFRvjFiyR6W8ESluwVta0r2Qhuaj6GyTHBrXo4c%3D&reserved=0 Join the Association of Internet Researchers: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aoir.org%2F&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=rD7TVrSvfhxd44%2FY%2ByrS9%2FIYKQJUXfs3h1m45U1qaio%3D&reserved=0
The Department of Sociological Studies has a major international reputation for excellence in research and teaching across Digital Media, Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work, achieving high levels of cross-fertilisation between these disciplines. It is committed to understanding society and social change, and to research and teaching that improves people's lives, especially those of the most vulnerable. We are proud to be one of the top social science research departments in the UK, with a long history of high profile contributions to theory, policy and practice. Applications are very welcome from all fields of sociology, and are particularly encouraged from areas that ensure that the Department continues to be at the cutting edge of scholarship relating to contemporary sociological concerns. In this context, specialism in any of the following would be of especial but not exclusive interest: sociologies of crime, environment, gender, culture, consumption and materialities. The successful candidate will have an outstanding international track record as a scholar, including publications in high ranked international journals. You will hold a PhD in a relevant discipline and be able to provide research leadership, attract external funding and research students to the Department. You will be expected to represent the Department in the wider University and promote and represent the University and the discipline nationally and internationally. The successful candidate will be expected to fully contribute to research, teaching and administration within the Department. For more details go to: www.sheffield.ac.uk/jobs. -- Professor Helen Kennedy, Chair in Digital Society University of Sheffield T: 0114 2226488 E: h.kennedy@sheffield.ac.uk OUT NOW: (with others) 'Data Visualisations: Newsroom Trends and Everyday Engagements' in J. Gray & L. Bounegru (eds) *The Data Journalism Handbook 2: towards a critical data practice*, available in online beta at: https://datajournalismhandbook.org/handbook/two/experiencing-data/data-visua... OUT SOON: *Data Visualization in Society* (ed with Martin Engebretesen, Amsterdam University Press
Thanks for sharing, Joly! I’m always a little reluctant to point to my own stuff! As Nick points out, this op-ed is based on research I’ve been conducting with collaborators, including the Twitter ethics paper which references AOIR’s efforts - and has been discussed on this list at some point, if I recall correctly. :) Since then, we’ve also been conducting interviews with people who are concerned about the amplification of their online content, and some analysis of published papers to see how researchers talk about the use of public data (definitions, ethical considerations or lack thereof, how they report data, etc.) - though we’re focus on the more computer science side of social computing (e.g., CSCW, ICWSM, as well as some machine learning venues). The other piece of my work related to this is on the role of TOS in making data collection decisions, but that was a little out of scope for a short op-ed! I certainly don’t mean to suggest that I’m the first person to ever make these kinds of suggestions, but they’re drawn out of our findings rather than any existing ethical guidelines - though of course, one would expect to see some overlap. I haven’t read the new AOIR version though! We looked to the 2012 guidelines when writing the paper. And this stuff isn’t really in the ACM code. I’m also on the SIGCHI ethics committee and though we’ve provided some feedback on related issues in the paper review process, the committee is not charged with creating guidelines, and therefore we look to existing norms within the community - which is why I’d love to see those norms evolve. Though as Charles alludes to, this piece is written more with a computer science audience in mind, and though there are certainly more active discussions around ethics in recent years, it’s still happening more within HCI (which is my community) rather than machine learning and related disciplines. I guess I’m a little in between the two spaces, as I may seem more of a computer scientist to this crowd but in others I’m definitely seen more as the buzzkill ethicist/lawyer. :) I’d certainly welcome any feedback on this work moving forward! Casey On Mar 26, 2019, at 8:38 AM, Proferes, Nicholas J <nproferes@uky.edu<mailto:nproferes@uky.edu>> wrote: Hi Charles, I’m glad you are thinking about incorporating Casey’s short op-ed into the index. I co-authored one of the underlying pieces that the op-ed is based on: “Participant” Perceptions of Twitter Research Ethics [which, if you haven’t read you might enjoy: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305118763366] In that work, we specifically reference AOIR’s guidelines (and the community’s ongoing revisions to the guidelines) in addition to other major sources that inform contemporary research ethics principles (Belmont Report, 45 CFR 46.101 in the U.S.). Many of our findings sync nicely with what's in the AOIR guidelines. We also suggest some additional considerations researchers may want to think about based on the findings our survey of users’ levels of comfort and awareness of how researchers are using their data. - Nick Proferes ________________________________ From: Air-L <air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org>> on behalf of Charles M. Ess <c.m.ess@media.uio.no<mailto:c.m.ess@media.uio.no>> Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2019 4:40:50 AM To: air-l@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:air-l@listserv.aoir.org> Subject: Re: [Air-L] Casey Fiesler on Research Ethics Yes. And thanks very much for this. It's hard to tell - but a good portion of this reads more or less straight out of the AoIR ethics guidelines, including the draft for Internet Research Ethics 3.0 distributed last fall in conjunction with the annual conference. Including the emphases on moving away from "rule-book" / tick-box approaches to what we call (along with many others) dialogical / process-oriented ethics grounded in the fine-grained specifics of a given case. The invocation of care (thereby, I suppose, more specifically (feminist) care ethics) is also intriguing. This is in part because over the past few years (since 2014 or so), I've been seeing more such invocations from network engineers (yes, this means you, AoIRist Bendert Zevenbergen) and computer scientists, including the ethical backgrounds to the emerging standards for "ethically-aligned design" by the IEEE. Let me hastily clarify: I'm _not_ at all saying there was some sort of plagiarism. Though it would be very interesting and helpful to know what her sources are, e.g., the newest ACM guidelines, the IEEE project, or perhaps even the AoIR guidelines, just so that we can incorporate the article in our resource list and have a better sense of where it might best be indexed, etc. However that may be: I _am_ saying there's a wonderful consonance / resonance, which I take to be a Very Good Thing. Indeed, in light of the past four decades or so of efforts towards better dialogue and cooperation between the more philosophical / applied ethics folk and the multiple professional communities directly engaged with the engineering, design, and implementation of these technologies - these sorts of endorsements within the latter communities of such nuanced and demanding ethical approaches is a remarkable and, in my view, most propitious development. Thanks for sharing! - charles ess On 26/03/2019 09:20, Joly MacFie wrote: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhowwegettonext.com%2Fscientists-like-me-are-studying-your-tweets-are-you-ok-with-that-c2cfdfebf135&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591377701&sdata=K0CeQAo0ri1Cck6KdQetQT7OtnH9NTPcsBwO2WQoRlQ%3D&reserved=0 *Scientists... have an ethical obligation to exercise a higher standard of care for people in more vulnerable positions, and this should extend to collecting data from potentially vulnerable groups in digital spaces.* -- Professor in Media Studies Department of Media and Communication University of Oslo <https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hf.uio.no%2Fimk%2Fenglish%2Fpeople%2Faca%2Fcharlees%2Findex.html&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=CDmVsdgKJZ%2FNDsXqK75BpexXxTOkojyjVLC0S0krjn4%3D&reserved=0> Postboks 1093 Blindern 0317 Oslo, Norway c.m.ess@media.uio.no<mailto:c.m.ess@media.uio.no> _______________________________________________ The Air-L@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:Air-L@listserv.aoir.org> mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Faoir.org&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=kVhq%2FkVYCXMZEFA40gnS%2BqtLdckq0xRvgfh%2BGIWZD3k%3D&reserved=0 Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flistserv.aoir.org%2Flistinfo.cgi%2Fair-l-aoir.org&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=lyYFkFRvjFiyR6W8ESluwVta0r2Qhuaj6GyTHBrXo4c%3D&reserved=0 Join the Association of Internet Researchers: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aoir.org%2F&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=rD7TVrSvfhxd44%2FY%2ByrS9%2FIYKQJUXfs3h1m45U1qaio%3D&reserved=0 _______________________________________________ The Air-L@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:Air-L@listserv.aoir.org> mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers http://aoir.org<http://aoir.org/> Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: http://listserv.aoir.org/listinfo.cgi/air-l-aoir.org Join the Association of Internet Researchers: http://www.aoir.org/
Dear all, A belated but most hearty thanks to all - especially Casey and Nick for your extensive and most helpful elaborations on the backgrounds to the op-ed, along with pointers to additional resources. This is most helpful indeed - precisely as a few of us in the Ethics Working Group will be spending an intense week, starting tomorrow, on trying to move things forward towards our concluding documents and report in October. (Indeed, we may well come back to you individually with further requests for help, suggestions, etc. Thanks for inviting these possibilities!) And please excuse the delay in responding: it has not been a quiet week in Lake Woebegone - nor in my computer world this week, replete with both major computer downtime (thanks to a defective battery) and email crash. Again, a thousand thanks and much looking forward to incorporating all of this as best we can as we move forward. best, - charles On 26/03/2019 22:03, Casey Lynn Fiesler wrote:
Thanks for sharing, Joly! I’m always a little reluctant to point to my own stuff!
As Nick points out, this op-ed is based on research I’ve been conducting with collaborators, including the Twitter ethics paper which references AOIR’s efforts - and has been discussed on this list at some point, if I recall correctly. :) Since then, we’ve also been conducting interviews with people who are concerned about the amplification of their online content, and some analysis of published papers to see how researchers talk about the use of public data (definitions, ethical considerations or lack thereof, how they report data, etc.) - though we’re focus on the more computer science side of social computing (e.g., CSCW, ICWSM, as well as some machine learning venues). The other piece of my work related to this is on the role of TOS in making data collection decisions, but that was a little out of scope for a short op-ed!
I certainly don’t mean to suggest that I’m the first person to ever make these kinds of suggestions, but they’re drawn out of our findings rather than any existing ethical guidelines - though of course, one would expect to see some overlap. I haven’t read the new AOIR version though! We looked to the 2012 guidelines when writing the paper. And this stuff isn’t really in the ACM code. I’m also on the SIGCHI ethics committee and though we’ve provided some feedback on related issues in the paper review process, the committee is not charged with creating guidelines, and therefore we look to existing norms within the community - which is why I’d love to see those norms evolve.
Though as Charles alludes to, this piece is written more with a computer science audience in mind, and though there are certainly more active discussions around ethics in recent years, it’s still happening more within HCI (which is my community) rather than machine learning and related disciplines. I guess I’m a little in between the two spaces, as I may seem more of a computer scientist to this crowd but in others I’m definitely seen more as the buzzkill ethicist/lawyer. :)
I’d certainly welcome any feedback on this work moving forward!
Casey
On Mar 26, 2019, at 8:38 AM, Proferes, Nicholas J <nproferes@uky.edu<mailto:nproferes@uky.edu>> wrote:
Hi Charles,
I’m glad you are thinking about incorporating Casey’s short op-ed into the index.
I co-authored one of the underlying pieces that the op-ed is based on: “Participant” Perceptions of Twitter Research Ethics [which, if you haven’t read you might enjoy: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305118763366] In that work, we specifically reference AOIR’s guidelines (and the community’s ongoing revisions to the guidelines) in addition to other major sources that inform contemporary research ethics principles (Belmont Report, 45 CFR 46.101 in the U.S.).
Many of our findings sync nicely with what's in the AOIR guidelines. We also suggest some additional considerations researchers may want to think about based on the findings our survey of users’ levels of comfort and awareness of how researchers are using their data.
- Nick Proferes
________________________________ From: Air-L <air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org>> on behalf of Charles M. Ess <c.m.ess@media.uio.no<mailto:c.m.ess@media.uio.no>> Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2019 4:40:50 AM To: air-l@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:air-l@listserv.aoir.org> Subject: Re: [Air-L] Casey Fiesler on Research Ethics
Yes.
And thanks very much for this. It's hard to tell - but a good portion of this reads more or less straight out of the AoIR ethics guidelines, including the draft for Internet Research Ethics 3.0 distributed last fall in conjunction with the annual conference.
Including the emphases on moving away from "rule-book" / tick-box approaches to what we call (along with many others) dialogical / process-oriented ethics grounded in the fine-grained specifics of a given case.
The invocation of care (thereby, I suppose, more specifically (feminist) care ethics) is also intriguing. This is in part because over the past few years (since 2014 or so), I've been seeing more such invocations from network engineers (yes, this means you, AoIRist Bendert Zevenbergen) and computer scientists, including the ethical backgrounds to the emerging standards for "ethically-aligned design" by the IEEE.
Let me hastily clarify: I'm _not_ at all saying there was some sort of plagiarism. Though it would be very interesting and helpful to know what her sources are, e.g., the newest ACM guidelines, the IEEE project, or perhaps even the AoIR guidelines, just so that we can incorporate the article in our resource list and have a better sense of where it might best be indexed, etc. However that may be: I _am_ saying there's a wonderful consonance / resonance, which I take to be a Very Good Thing.
Indeed, in light of the past four decades or so of efforts towards better dialogue and cooperation between the more philosophical / applied ethics folk and the multiple professional communities directly engaged with the engineering, design, and implementation of these technologies - these sorts of endorsements within the latter communities of such nuanced and demanding ethical approaches is a remarkable and, in my view, most propitious development.
Thanks for sharing! - charles ess
*Scientists... have an ethical obligation to exercise a higher standard of care for people in more vulnerable positions, and this should extend to collecting data from potentially vulnerable groups in digital spaces.*
-- Professor in Media Studies Department of Media and Communication University of Oslo <https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hf.uio.no%2Fimk%2Fenglish%2Fpeople%2Faca%2Fcharlees%2Findex.html&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=CDmVsdgKJZ%2FNDsXqK75BpexXxTOkojyjVLC0S0krjn4%3D&reserved=0>
Postboks 1093 Blindern 0317 Oslo, Norway c.m.ess@media.uio.no<mailto:c.m.ess@media.uio.no> _______________________________________________ The Air-L@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:Air-L@listserv.aoir.org> mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Faoir.org&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=kVhq%2FkVYCXMZEFA40gnS%2BqtLdckq0xRvgfh%2BGIWZD3k%3D&reserved=0 Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flistserv.aoir.org%2Flistinfo.cgi%2Fair-l-aoir.org&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=lyYFkFRvjFiyR6W8ESluwVta0r2Qhuaj6GyTHBrXo4c%3D&reserved=0
Join the Association of Internet Researchers: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aoir.org%2F&data=02%7C01%7Cnproferes%40uky.edu%7C092557a2d9094ba54e5108d6b1c6c3c8%7C2b30530b69b64457b818481cb53d42ae%7C0%7C0%7C636891864591387710&sdata=rD7TVrSvfhxd44%2FY%2ByrS9%2FIYKQJUXfs3h1m45U1qaio%3D&reserved=0 _______________________________________________ The Air-L@listserv.aoir.org<mailto:Air-L@listserv.aoir.org> mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers http://aoir.org<http://aoir.org/> Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: http://listserv.aoir.org/listinfo.cgi/air-l-aoir.org
Join the Association of Internet Researchers: http://www.aoir.org/
_______________________________________________ The Air-L@listserv.aoir.org mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers http://aoir.org Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: http://listserv.aoir.org/listinfo.cgi/air-l-aoir.org
Join the Association of Internet Researchers: http://www.aoir.org/
-- Professor in Media Studies Department of Media and Communication University of Oslo <http://www.hf.uio.no/imk/english/people/aca/charlees/index.html> Postboks 1093 Blindern 0317 Oslo, Norway c.m.ess@media.uio.no
participants (5)
-
Casey Lynn Fiesler -
Charles M. Ess -
Helen Kennedy -
Joly MacFie -
Proferes, Nicholas J