"network of networks" - origin of
In a recent post, Neil Randall referred to the internet as a "network of networks." In case anyone is interested, Paul Craven and I invented that term in our 1973 article "The Network City." (in _Sociological Inquiry_ 43 (Winter): 57-88. [Reprinted in _The Community_, edited by Marcia Effrat. New York: Free Press, 1974.] Way back then, we were referring to social networks, but the concept was the same as was later ported over to the internet (or independently re-invented). In short, we claim terminological priority! Barry _____________________________________________________________________ Barry Wellman Professor of Sociology NetLab Director wellman at chass.utoronto.ca http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wellman Centre for Urban & Community Studies University of Toronto 455 Spadina Avenue Toronto Canada M5S 2G8 fax:+1-416-978-7162 To network is to live; to live is to network _____________________________________________________________________
Better tell Homeland Security about that terminological priority... http://www.informationweek.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=18901928 "The Department of Homeland Security last week took a step toward resolving the federal government's information-sharing problems. It signed up Northrop Grumman Corp., in a deal worth up to $350 million, to build a secure network that eventually will extend well beyond the department. Plans call for Northrop and several subcontractors to build the Homeland Secure Data Network based on multiprotocol label switching. Some Homeland Security sites will be using the network by year's end. Next year, Northrop Grumman will begin linking it with secure networks at other agencies, including the departments of Justice, State, and Energy, and the CIA and FBI. Homeland Security then will decide which state- and local-government networks to connect, with nearly all links projected to be in place by the end of 2006. "We're building a network of networks to allow selected communities to talk across different networks," Homeland Security chief technology officer Lee Holcomb says. "It's a paradigm shift at the classified level."" On 3/20/05 12:16 PM, "Barry Wellman" <wellman@chass.utoronto.ca> wrote:
In a recent post, Neil Randall referred to the internet as a "network of networks."
In case anyone is interested, Paul Craven and I invented that term in our 1973 article "The Network City." (in _Sociological Inquiry_ 43 (Winter): 57-88. [Reprinted in _The Community_, edited by Marcia Effrat. New York: Free Press, 1974.]
Way back then, we were referring to social networks, but the concept was the same as was later ported over to the internet (or independently re-invented).
In short, we claim terminological priority! Barry _____________________________________________________________________
Barry Wellman Professor of Sociology NetLab Director wellman at chass.utoronto.ca http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wellman
Centre for Urban & Community Studies University of Toronto 455 Spadina Avenue Toronto Canada M5S 2G8 fax:+1-416-978-7162 To network is to live; to live is to network _____________________________________________________________________
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Barry Wellman -
Mary Bryson