And I'd suggest Casey's earlier article, "When Should We Use Real Names in Published Accounts of Internet Research?" It is Chapter 11 in: https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/digital-research-confidential Christian On Fri, Jul 13, 2018 at 11:17 AM, Proferes, Nicholas <nproferes@uky.edu> wrote:
Hi all,
Casey Fiesler and I recently published an article on Twitter users’ perceptions of the use of tweets in research (http://journals.sagepub.com/ doi/abs/10.1177/2056305118763366).
One of our findings from the study was that when we asked, "How would you feel if a Tweet of yours was used in a research study and your Tweet was quoted in a published research paper, attributed to your Twitter handle?" only about ~24% of respondents indicated that they would be comfortable with this.
There's obviously a lot of situations in which including Twitter handles is appropriate (quoting public figures seems like a pretty clear cut case), but I do think it might be worth taking user expectations into consideration in that contextual decision, particularly if you are working with populations subject to harassment/bullying.
Cheers,
Nick
________________________________ From: Air-L <air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org> on behalf of Judith Rosenbaum-Andre <judith.rosenbaumandre@maine.edu> Sent: Friday, July 13, 2018 6:45:06 AM To: daniel.thomas--airl@cl.cam.ac.uk Cc: air-l@listserv.aoir.org Subject: Re: [Air-L] Including screennames with tweets
I just recently published a book on Twitter, race, and gender, and my publisher was very insistent I did use people's Twitter handles. For clarification, I used all publicly available tweets. I went back and forth on it myself a few times (and still every once in a while wake up in the middle of the night thinking, "did I do the right thing?!"), but ended up agreeing with them. Their argument, per Twitter's ToS, was that people's tweets should be treated as you would an in-text citation (e.g., "Hayes said"), as they are their thoughts and ideas, expressed in a public forum, and thus they have earned the right to be credited for them (almost on a par with copyright). Because I used public tweets anyone could and can still find the tweets even if I hadn't listed the screen name, which renders the argument that we need to protect their identity somewhat moot. In my book, I discuss some pretty awful statements though, and I did make sure to not choose tweets as examples that could really get people into trouble with their employer, for instance, and would instead use more innocuous tweets to illustrate my point. This kind of research, because I use public tweets, falls outside of our IRB's scope, as they consider it public information on a par with analyzing media content and thus non-human-subjects research. I don't know if this helps at all - I think it's a tough issue to deal with, and both decisions, like you said, have their pros and cons.
On Fri, Jul 13, 2018 at 4:27 AM Daniel Thomas < daniel.thomas--airl@cl.cam.ac.uk> wrote:
Dear Becky,
My understanding, though I haven't been involved in Twitter research myself, is that academics in the US have mostly decided it is fine to include screennames and that academics in the UK have mostly decided it is not OK to include screennames. I think that Twitter ToS require the sceennames to be included and allow publication as long as the full tweet is published (including sceenname). However, publishing without the sceenname is not permitted (this is second hand information so I may be wrong). The other issue is that even if sceennames are not included then it is easy to find the author from the content of the tweet and so the authors are still trivially deanonymised. Minor tweaks to punctuation/wording are apparently also insufficient as Twitter's search function will still normally find the original tweet. Depending on the research method you are using it may be possible to write your own synthesised example tweets that are representative of the kind of things people say. However, I know that for some methods/fields that is not possible.
I think it is a question where you will want your Research Ethics Board/IRB to sign off on your answer.
Helena Webb <helena.webb@cs.ox.ac.uk> from the University of Oxford might be a good person to talk to about this because she uses a similar Twitter example in her research ethics case studies at the workshops she runs. She did research that she was not able to publish because she ran into this problem and was not able to find a solution that protected the tweeters and was publishable.
Daniel
On 13/07/18 07:23, Hayes, Rebecca M wrote:
Dear All, Can you please weigh in on the decision to include or not include screennames when we cite tweets in a book? The book is on new media and crime, and we are using tweets in a few places as examples of some different discussions.
We are back and forth on whether we should include the screennames and at others or disclude them. The arguments we have seen thus far, are to include them because it was made public and we are citing someones words. The other argument is to disclude them as the person did not consent to have it printed in that way persay, and the screenname attached in our book could be used to find and harass the person. What are your thoughts?
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