Maldives - Life in prison for editors of an electronic newsletter
------- Forwarded message follows ------- To: asie2@rsf.org From: RSF asia <asie@rsf.org> Date sent: Fri, 14 Feb 2003 15:12:05 +0100 Subject: [rsfasie] Maldives - Editors of an electronic newsletter sentenced to life in prison (Eng+Fr) Send reply to: rsfasie-owner@yahoogroups.com 14 February 2003 International Secretariat Asia-Pacific News Desk MALDIVES Editors of an electronic newsletter sentenced to life in prison Since July 2002, Mohamed Zaki, Ibrahim Luthfee and Ahmed Didi, editors of the electronic newsletter Sandhaanu, have been serving a life term in prison. Fathimath Nisreen, Ibrahim Luthfee's assistant, received a 10-year prison term. They were found guilty of "insulting the President" and of "committing acts hostile to the government () by creating a newsletter known as Sandhaanu." Reporters without Borders (Reporters sans frontières) called upon the Maldivian President, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, to demand the immediate release of those four people, whose only crime was to exercise their right to freedom of speech. Indeed, Article 25 of the Maldives Constitution guarantees that "Every citizen shall have the freedom to express his conscience and thoughts orally or in writing or by other means" In January 2002, businessmen Mohamed Zaki, Ibrahim Luthfee and Ahmed Didi, as well as Fathimath Nisreen, Ibrahim Luthfee's assistant, were arrested by the police for having circulated articles critical of the government on their electronic newsletter Sandhaanu. According to Amnesty International, this Internet publication, written in Dhivehi (the language of the Maldives), had not advocated violent political opposition. After being held in solitary confinement for two weeks by the police force in Malé (the capital city), they were transferred to the detention centre on the island of Dhoonidhoo. In May, they were charged with "defamation" and "committing acts hostile to the government" by publishing critical information on Sandhaanu. The authorities denied them the right to legal representation and refused to allow visits from their families. In June, they were transferred to the island of Mafushi, where they are being held in small cells. On 7 July 2002, Mohamed Zaki, Ibrahim Luthfee and Ahmed Didi were sentenced to life in prison. Fathimath Nisreen, 21, was given a 10-year prison term for having expressed her "dissatisfaction with government policy" and having sided with the authors of the Sandhaanu articles. The authorities have denied their request to file an appeal. During the trial, Ibrahim Luthfee, 37, and Ahmed Didi, 50, admitted that they were the authors of this electronic newsletter, while 50- year-old Mohammed Zaki, a resident of Malaysia, was responsible for sending it to Internet users who requested it. Before the judges, Ibrahim Luthfee claimed that he was prepared to prove, point-by- point, every accusation that he had made against President Gayoom. They are all still behind bars on the island of Mafushi, under harsh prison conditions. The authorities have placed them in Block C, usually reserved for drug addicts and thieves. Their cells are not ventilated and they only receive five litres of water a day for drinking and washing. Their families are not permitted to visit them more than once a month. MALDIVES Les animateurs d'un bulletin d'information électronique condamnés à la prison à vie Mohamed Zaki, Ibrahim Luthfee et Ahmad Didi, responsables du bulletin d'information électronique Sandhaanu, purgent depuis juillet 2002 une peine de prison à perpétuité. Fatimath Nisreen, assistante d'Ibrahim Luthfee, a été condamnée à dix ans de prison. Ils ont été reconnus coupables d'avoir "insulté le Président" et d'avoir "tenté de renverser le gouvernement () en créant un bulletin d'information dénommé Sandhaanu." Reporters sans frontières s'est adressée au président des Maldives, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, pour demander la libération immédiate de ces quatre personnes dont le seul crime est d'avoir exercé leur droit à la liberté d'expression. Ainsi, l'article 25 de la Constitution des Maldives garantit à tous les citoyens "le droit d'exprimer sa conscience et ses idées oralement, par écrit ou par tout autre moyen". En janvier 2002, les hommes d'affaires Mohamed Zaki, Ibrahim Luthfee et Ahmad Didi, ainsi que Fathimath Nisreen, assistante d'Ibrahim Luthfee, ont été arrêtés par la police pour avoir diffusé des articles critiques du gouvernement sur leur bulletin d'information électronique Sandhaanu. Selon Amnesty International, le bulletin en divehi (langue des Maldives) ne comportait aucun appel à la violence. Après avoir été détenus au secret pendant deux semaines par la police de Malé (capitale), ils ont été transférés au centre de détention de l'île de Dhoonodhoo. En mai, ils ont été inculpés de "diffamation" et d'avoir "tenté de renverser le gouvernement" en publiant des informations sur Sandhaanu. Les autorités leur ont refusé le droit de consulter un avocat et de recevoir des visites de leurs familles. En juin, ils ont été transférés sur l'île de Mafushi où ils sont détenus dans de petites cellules. Le 7 juillet 2002, Mohamed Zaki, Ibrahim Luthfee et Ahmad Didi ont été condamnés à la prison à vie. Fathimath Nisreen, âgée de 21 ans, a quant à elle été condamnée à dix ans de prison ferme pour avoir notamment exprimé son "mécontentement à l'encontre de la politique du gouvernement" et avoir soutenu les auteurs des articles de Sandhaanu. Les autorités leur ont refusé de se pourvoir en appel. Lors du procès, Ibrahim Luthfee, âgé de 37 ans, et Ahmad Didi, âgé de 50 ans, ont reconnu être les auteurs de ce bulletin d'information électronique, tandis que Mohamed Zaki, âgé de 50 ans et résidant en Malaisie, était chargé de l'envoyer aux internautes qui le demandaient. Ibrahim Luthfee a affirmé aux juges qu'il était prêt à prouver point par point les accusations qu'il a lancées contre le président Gayoom. Ils sont toujours incarcérés sur l'île de Mafushi dans des conditions de détention difficiles. Les autorités les ont placés dans le Bloc C habituellement réservé aux drogués et aux voleurs. Leurs cellules ne sont pas ventilées et ils ne disposent que de cinq litres d'eau par jour pour boire et se laver. Leurs familles ne sont autorisées à leur rendre visite qu'une fois par mois. -- Vincent Brossel Asia - Pacific Desk Reporters Sans Frontières 5 rue Geoffroy Marie 75009 Paris 33 1 44 83 84 70 33 1 45 23 11 51 (fax) asia@rsf.org www.rsf.org ------- End of forwarded message --------- :-) Message Ends; George(s) Lessard's Keywords Begin (-: Freelance Media Arts, Management, Training, Mentoring & Consulting On line: Internet / Workshops / Research / Presence / Content / On location: TV / Radio / Production / ENG / EFP / Editing Interests: Access / Activism / Communities / Cultures / Arts Resume and more @ http://members.tripod.com/~media002 Queries / Offers / Patronage / Commissions should be sent to media@_no_spam_web.net Rostered Volunteer UNV# 120983 & CESO/SACO VA# 11799 -Caveat Lector- Disclaimers, NOTES TO EDITORS & (c) information may be found @ http://members.tripod.com/~media002/disclaimer.htm Because of the nature of email & the WWW, please check ALL sources & subjects. - 30 - Public, keyword searchable archives @ http://www.eGroups.com/list/mediamentor FEEDBACK: mediamentor-owner@yahoogroups.com POST: If subscribed, post to the list @ mediamentor@egroups.com No attachments...... less viruses.... text only please.... 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This is a forward off of an anti-war pro-peace listserv: Turkey is currently in hot and heavy negotiations with the US Administration over the use of Turkish territory for a "northern front" against Iraq. Please contact them and ask them to refuse the use of their territory for a war against Iraq. (ACTION REQUESTED) Please contact Turkish embassies and consulates in your vicinity by sending delegations, fax and e-mail messages AND send faxes and e- mail messages to officials in Ankara. Below is a sample message. Feel free to send it as is or, better still, to add your own comments. The contacts/addresses for your messages and/or delegations are below. In solidarity, Peace Initiative of Turkey We will appreciate it if you forward a copy of your messages to us at the following address: peaceturkey@yahoo.com (Suggested mode of address) His Excellency ... Ambassador of the Republic of Turkey or His Excellency Abdullah Gul, Prime Minister Your Excellency, I believe that the Turkish government is faced with a historic mission. If it votes to join the US axis of war against Iraq, it will bear the responsibility of the death and suffering of thousands of people in Iraq as well as the suffering of its own people in Turkey. On the other hand, if it joins the international call for peace, it has the chance of changing the climate, not only in Iraq, but in the region as a whole in favor of peace. This will relieve some of the pressure on the Palestinian people whose suffering has reached devastating dimensions. Turkey should seize this opportunity and undertake this strategic and historic role. The Turkish public and the international public have voiced an overwhelming opposition to the calls for war. We ask that the Turkish government respond not to the threats of the United States government, but to the strong dedication of its citizens and the citizens of the world to peace by saying "NO" to war. Please be assured of the support of the international consensus for peace behind your efforts to stop this outrageous aggression. The worldwide escalation of militarization is alarming. We do not want to ever relive the violent tragedies of the past century. The 21st century should be one where international problems are resolved through non-violent methods, through international mechanisms of law and solidarity. Saying "NO" to war in Iraq shall be a significant step in this direction. We ask Turkey to seize this historic mission and join the international campaign for peace. Such is our wish and expectation from Turkey. With my best regards, ........ Prime Minister Abdullah Gul Fax: +90 (312) 417 0476 (Note: faxes are having greater impact according to Turkish Peace Initiative leaders) e-mail: abdullah.gul@basbakanlik.gov.tr Deputy Prime Minister Ertugrul Yalcinbayir fax: +90 (312) 419-5443 e-mail: ertugrul.yalcinbayir@basbakanlik.gov.tr Speaker of Government Abdullatif Sener e-mail: abdullatif.sener@basbakanlik.gov.tr President of State Ahmet Necdet Sezer fax: +90.312 427 13 30 e-mail: cumhurbaskanligi@tccb.gov.tr Speaker of Parliament Bulent Arinc: His e-mail does not respond. Please send a fax him at +90 (212) 420-5165 Foreign Affairs Commission Fax: 90.312 420-5336 e-mail: disiskom@tbmm.gov.tr National Defense Commission Fax: +90.312 420 5328 e-mail: savkom@tbmm.gov.tr Human Rights Commission Fax: +90. 312 420 5394 e-mail: inshkkom@tbmm.gov.tr Minister of Foreign Affairs Yasar Yakis Fax: +90.312 287 88 11 Turkeys UN email address: Phone ( 1-212) 949 01 50-51-52-53- 949 01 57 Fax ( 1-212) 949 00 86 - 949 09 17 E-mail: turkuno@aol.com Turkeys Embassy in Washington: Phone: (202) 612-6700 Fax: (202) 612-6744 E-mail: info@turkey.org Turkeys consulate in Texas: Phone: (713) 622-5849 Fax: (713) 623-6639 E-mail: turcon@ix.netcom.com Turkeys consulate in LA: Phone: (323) 937-0118 Fax: (323) 932-0061 E-mail: turkcgla@pacbell.net Turkeys consulate in NYC: Phone: (212) 949-0160 (4) Fax: (212) 983-1293 E-mail: tcbkny@broadviewnet.net Turkeys consulate in Chicago: Phone: (312) 263-0644 ext 28 Fax: (312) 263-1499 E-mail: chicago@trconsulate.org Turkeys mission to the EU: E-mail: turkdelegeu@euronet.be Turkeys mission to NATO: E-mail: natodt@euronet.be Turkish Newspapers with email addresses: ( from: http://www.byegm.gov.tr/TURKBASINI/gazete-ingilizce.htm ) Milli Gazete: E-mail: milli@milligazete.com.tr Milliyet: E-mail: okur@milliyet.com.tr Posta: E-mail: posta@simge.com.tr Star: E-mail: editor@stargazete.com Turkeys Chamber of Commerce: Email: info@ege.ebso.com.tr
Robert, I wonder if putting a medium-size power like Turkey on the spot, when the drive for war originates with the U.S., is the right approach. Shouldn't people rather be emailing and faxing the White House, Congress, and Senate, rather than Turkey and other NATO countries? Turkey isn't the problem! The U.S. is the problem. Living as I do in another reluctant allied country, I know how the U.S. can seek to disadvantage and even economically damage countries that dissent from its "leadership". The Bush administration doesn't care what the rest of us outside of the U.S. think, but if a couple of million Americans emailed and faxed their disapproval, the Washington gang would have to take note.........Alex alex.kuskis@utoronto.ca ----- Original Message ----- From: "robert m. tynes" <rtynes@u.washington.edu> To: <air-l@aoir.org> Sent: Thursday, February 20, 2003 3:36 PM Subject: [Air-l] the Internet and global political action - TURKEY
This is a forward off of an anti-war pro-peace listserv:
Turkey is currently in hot and heavy negotiations with the US Administration over the use of Turkish territory for a "northern front" against Iraq. Please contact them and ask them to refuse the use of their territory for a war against Iraq. (ACTION REQUESTED)
Please contact Turkish embassies and consulates in your vicinity by sending delegations, fax and e-mail messages AND send faxes and e- mail messages to officials in Ankara.
Below is a sample message. Feel free to send it as is or, better still, to add your own comments. The contacts/addresses for your messages and/or delegations are below. In solidarity, Peace Initiative of Turkey
We will appreciate it if you forward a copy of your messages to us at the following address: peaceturkey@yahoo.com
I agree with what you have said. I assumed that *everyone* was already doing what you advocated: e-mailing white house, congress etc. I have, and, for me, Turkey was next on the list. Also, I don't think that I am putting Turkey on the spot. From what I've read and heard, Turkey is already there: it's people do not support a war. By e-mailing/faxing their gov't officials, I think you acknowledge that this is a global discussion, which is what the current US administration refuses to acknowledge. I am not the American government and I completely disagree with their actions. I thought Turkey might like to hear that. -Robert On Thu, 20 Feb 2003, Alex Kuskis wrote:
Robert, I wonder if putting a medium-size power like Turkey on the spot, when the drive for war originates with the U.S., is the right approach. Shouldn't people rather be emailing and faxing the White House, Congress, and Senate, rather than Turkey and other NATO countries? Turkey isn't the problem! The U.S. is the problem. Living as I do in another reluctant allied country, I know how the U.S. can seek to disadvantage and even economically damage countries that dissent from its "leadership". The Bush administration doesn't care what the rest of us outside of the U.S. think, but if a couple of million Americans emailed and faxed their disapproval, the Washington gang would have to take note.........Alex alex.kuskis@utoronto.ca
----- Original Message ----- From: "robert m. tynes" <rtynes@u.washington.edu> To: <air-l@aoir.org> Sent: Thursday, February 20, 2003 3:36 PM Subject: [Air-l] the Internet and global political action - TURKEY
This is a forward off of an anti-war pro-peace listserv:
Turkey is currently in hot and heavy negotiations with the US Administration over the use of Turkish territory for a "northern front" against Iraq. Please contact them and ask them to refuse the use of their territory for a war against Iraq. (ACTION REQUESTED)
Please contact Turkish embassies and consulates in your vicinity by sending delegations, fax and e-mail messages AND send faxes and e- mail messages to officials in Ankara.
Below is a sample message. Feel free to send it as is or, better still, to add your own comments. The contacts/addresses for your messages and/or delegations are below. In solidarity, Peace Initiative of Turkey
We will appreciate it if you forward a copy of your messages to us at the following address: peaceturkey@yahoo.com
_______________________________________________ Air-l mailing list Air-l@aoir.org http://www.aoir.org/mailman/listinfo/air-l
I am concerned that the discussion on the AIR list has moved from question of the impact on internet technology on global politics and activism to politics. Who should be emailed what etc. I am quite certain that a variety of political views exist on this list. I think posting for ignoring the threat posed by the fascist Iraq Baath party, appeasement, peace sit-ins, happenings, new forms of containment, military intervention, regime change, or war is an inappropriate use of the list!!! Thank You Quentin
I think it is appropriate. Internet + listserv + community of researchers + global issues + ... On Thu, 20 Feb 2003, Quentin (Gad) Jones wrote:
I am concerned that the discussion on the AIR list has moved from question of the impact on internet technology on global politics and activism to politics. Who should be emailed what etc.
I am quite certain that a variety of political views exist on this list. I think posting for ignoring the threat posed by the fascist Iraq Baath party, appeasement, peace sit-ins, happenings, new forms of containment, military intervention, regime change, or war is an inappropriate use of the list!!!
Thank You Quentin
_______________________________________________ Air-l mailing list Air-l@aoir.org http://www.aoir.org/mailman/listinfo/air-l
At 17:25 Uhr -0500 20.2.2003, Quentin (Gad) Jones wrote:
I am quite certain that a variety of political views exist on this list. I think posting for ignoring the threat posed by the fascist Iraq Baath party, appeasement, peace sit-ins, happenings, new forms of containment, military intervention, regime change, or war is an inappropriate use of the list!!!
I would like to discuss how Internet research could be done on the following Web site: http://typhoon.wcp.muohio.edu/union.html ;-) --u
Isn't this essentially a social science list? That just happens to pertain to the internets impact etc?
Concerning the question of appropriateness, when AoIR got its start (not so many years ago) and air-l ran on my little server my goal was to let the community fend for itself concerning appropriateness of postings, and I believe the AoIR executive committee has taken a similarly laissez-faire approach (with one exception when we had to remove a person from the list). My strong preference is to continue to let the community set its standards as it goes. Concerning the issue of air-l being "essentially a social science list," in my (emphatic) opinion it is most certainly not that. It is a list to which are subscribed social scientists, artists, musicians, lawyers, doctors, humanities scholars, journalists, marketing professionals, academics of all stripes (undergraduate students through to emeritus faculty), all of whom (I think) are trying to make sense of what the internet does and what we (insert your definition of "we" here) do with it. In short, I've learned something from virtually every posting to air-l (excluding perhaps the aforementioned incident requiring removal of a subscriber, but even then I think I learned some things). Thanks, Sj At 10:40 PM +0000 2/20/03, SocAdmin wrote:
Isn't this essentially a social science list? That just happens to pertain to the internets impact etc?
From this particular member I find any 'social' discussion that even touches on the internet (as the posts in question did) is relevent, and I should imagine that all on this list are mature enough and level headed enough to not start a full on flame war. A discussion group will go little way to discussion if people cannot 'discuss'.
With regard to the msg in question however, I'm all for being pro-active in these temultuous times, but do you actually believe the power of email is so great it will make any difference? I am assuming all messages will be promptly deleted. :o(
Angela VERY Happy with the list and it's varied and interesting content. --------------------------- Sociopranos - Society Redefined: All new members welcome! www.sociopranos.com eLearning, ICT and Social Inclusion Discussion Forum http://bbs.odeluce.stir.ac.uk
----- Original Message ----- From: "Quentin (Gad) Jones" <qgjones@acm.org> To: <air-l@aoir.org> Sent: Thursday, February 20, 2003 10:25 PM Subject: [Air-l] Is this What the Air List Is For????
I am concerned that the discussion on the AIR list has moved from question of the impact on internet technology on global politics and activism to politics. Who should be emailed what etc.
I am quite certain that a variety of political views exist on this list. I think posting for ignoring the threat posed by the fascist Iraq Baath party, appeasement, peace sit-ins, happenings, new forms of containment, military intervention, regime change, or war is an inappropriate use of the list!!!
Thank You Quentin
_______________________________________________ Air-l mailing list Air-l@aoir.org http://www.aoir.org/mailman/listinfo/air-l
_______________________________________________ Air-l mailing list Air-l@aoir.org http://www.aoir.org/mailman/listinfo/air-l
Esteemed colleagues from many disciplines, I think we're onto a really interesting line of discussion. I'll break my longish comments into two sections. 1. Internet The questions that David Silver raised here (and that he and several of us on this list are working on) concern how the internet enables/makes/shapes a public sphere and a public or publics. The rise of a seemingly more democratic and interactive medium is occurring at the same time political and military power is being wielded in very old-fashioned and undemocratic -- nay, imperial -- ways. I think it behooves us to think about what this means for the claims we're making about the transformation of society. My research project on how social movements are using the internet to organize is one such attempt, and I'd love to hear the ideas for further research and/or writing that others have been inspired by recent world events. 2. Politics (warning: explicitly political) I was bothered by Angela's frustration about emails to representative being deleted. (Sorry, Angela!) There are ways, in my opinion, that online political participation at this time is ultimately frustrating and perhaps even demoralizing. For now, email doesn't seem to be an effective way for citizens to communicate political sentiment. From the research I've seen, emails aren't taken as seriously as handwritten notes or letters in one's own words. And emails don't get covered by the New York Times; marches of over 100,000 get covered by the New York Times (and the same is true for other cities and their hometown papers and marches -- good turnouts lead to coverage). By all means contact your elected officials -- this is the time to do it -- but for goodness sake don't send them an email. For the USA'ers on the list, I'm confident that most of you are already plugged into the ways in which you want to be involved, but if you'd like suggestions of groups, activities, readings, resources, etc., please contact me off list. Juggling my two hats, Gina
Dear Gina and all: In response to Gina's -
From the research I've seen, emails aren't taken as seriously as handwritten notes or letters in one's own words. And emails don't get covered by the New York Times; marches of over 100,000 get covered by the New York Times (and the same is true for other cities and their hometown papers and marches -- good turnouts lead to coverage).
Several points I'd like to make: 1. I think that we might want to put aside past research on the effects of e-mails in a political process. Maybe it's better to just observe what is happening - what do e-mails to gov't officials do? maybe they don't get read? but is that the point? could they be jamming devices, designed to overload the system in conjunction with all the other forms of protest, such as marches? And, yes, it is true that the NYT covered the marches but not the e-mails; but that might mean that marches have entered into the state institutional apparatus; hence they can be a highly controlled form of communication. and easily commodified, via newspapers E-mail bombardment, on the other hand, may be, at this stage, too chaotic to institutionalize/control. Yes, you can delete an e-mail, but that's not the unit of analysis we should look at. E-mails are not letters. 2. What happens when e-mails cross borders into other cultures? Does an e-mailing to a Turkish official really get received in the same way that an e-mailing to a US Congress person does? I've done some research with West African e-mail usage. Although there are many similarities, there are also many differences in the way that e-mail is used. So, can we make a global generalization about e-mail yet. Or, should we wait and watch some more. 3. I'm not an e-mail utopian raelian heaven's gate dude. Just someone who's not so sure that the effects of e-mail can be easily quantified. It seems much too early in the history of the history yet to happen. -robert
Gina Neff wrote:
Esteemed colleagues from many disciplines,
I think we're onto a really interesting line of discussion. I'll break my longish comments into two sections. My research project on how social movements are using the internet to organize is one such attempt, and I'd love to hear the ideas for further research and/or writing that others have been inspired by recent world events.
Not recent but highly relevant pioneering work Pliskin, N., Romm, C.T., and Markey, R., 1997, "E-mail as a Weapon in an Industrial Dispute", New Technology, Work, and Employment, Vol. 12, No. 1, 3-12. http://www.ie.bgu.ac.il/iem/showmember.asp?lec_key=53 Quentin
imho just as a matter of interest, it is not compulsory to read or reply to every message on this list - only to those that interest you if i don't want to participate in a post i do one of two things, i either delete it after reading it, or delete it without reading it what i have never done (i hope) is to reply and insist that others who are interested in the topic don't post to it denise Denise Maia Carter, CASS, University of Hull, Hull , HU6 7RX Email:denisecarter@denisecarter.net Web: http://www.denisecarter.net
and of course the question begs another one - is social science not situated in politics of the everyday? my 2 cents before I go back and bury my head in the sand (excuse me, I mean *snow*).... r Radhika Gajjala _______________________ http://www.cyberdiva.org
On Thursday, February 20, 2003, at 05:40 PM, SocAdmin wrote:
Isn't this essentially a social science list?
not necessarily, it is an internet research list and the primary list of the association of internet researcher which has members across many disciplines as varied as mathematics and physics to information studies to philosophy, the social sciences, geography, science studies, education, etc. etc. etc. (and etc. I don't want to leave anyone out), in short, we run the whole spectrum:) internet research is an interdisciplinary study as we define it on the aoir.org site.
I am quite certain that a variety of political views exist on this list. I think posting for ignoring the threat posed by the fascist Iraq Baath party, appeasement, peace sit-ins, happenings, new forms of containment, military intervention, regime change, or war is an inappropriate use of the list!!!
unless of course there is significant implications in relation to internet use or internet research which of course this certainly has. jeremy sending from the good graces of apple's loaned ibook, as his is in the shop
participants (12)
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Alex Kuskis -
Denise Carter -
George(s) Lessard -
Gina Neff -
jeremy -
Quentin (Gad) Jones -
Quentin (Gad) Jones -
radhika gajjala -
robert m. tynes -
SocAdmin -
Steve Jones -
Ulf Reips