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Inventor of the term "Digital Divide"?
by Laurent Straskraba 27 Mar '05

27 Mar '05

Hi, I read about the first time using the term "Digital Divide" it was in NTIA documents of 1994. Here is a reference: http://www.tcla.gseis.ucla.edu/divide/politics/pinkett.html Morino Institute says it was Larry Irving (3rd paragraph): http://www.morino.org/divides/bio_irving.htm BUT Larry Irving said it was not him who invented the term, he just used it a lot in high-level policy circles. So he was credited for popularizing it with politicians, but he did not invent it. He said he has no idea where it came from. Anyone got an idea who was the original inventor of the term "Digital Divide"? --- Mag. Laurent Straskraba Information Society Researcher post: Ontlstrasse 3, A - 4040 Linz, Austria / Europe mobile: +43.650.7711861 (GMT +1) e-mail: laurent(a)straskraba.net web: http://www.straskraba.net ---

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digidivide confusion > search engines
by Barry Wellman 27 Mar '05

27 Mar '05

The search for the originator of the term "digital divide" suggests two things for me. 1. [Humorous]: some people think a term is invented the first time they ever heard of it. 2. [Serious]: we'd get a lot better evidence on this if we could sort search engine results in chronological order. Page rank ain't the only game in town. Barry _____________________________________________________________________ Barry Wellman Professor of Sociology NetLab Director wellman at chass.utoronto.ca http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wellman Centre for Urban & Community Studies University of Toronto 455 Spadina Avenue Toronto Canada M5S 2G8 fax:+1-416-978-7162 To network is to live; to live is to network _____________________________________________________________________

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digital divide def
by Ed Lamoureux 27 Mar '05

27 Mar '05

try this <http://www1.soc.american.edu/students/ij/co_3/digitaldivide/ history.htm> The catchy phrase that describes the divide between the tech-savvy and those without digital skills has engendered another divide—disagreement among the experts as to who coined the term. Some claim it was a digital divide guru who worked formerly at the U.S. Department of Commerce. Others say the credit should go to a pair of former Los Angeles Times reporters. "No one really knows," says Andy Carvin, one of the coordinators of the Digital Divide Network at the Washington, D.C.-based Benton Foundation . "It's discussed several times a year on my digital divide listserv and every time someone is credited with coining it, that person posts a message saying, 'Nope, wasn't me.'" Many believe Larry Irving, the former assistant secretary for Communications and Information over at Commerce, may have coined the term. "I am certain I stole the term, but I am not certain who I stole it from," states Irving on Carvin's listserv. Jonathan Webber of the Industry Standard makes a compelling case that somewhere back around 1995 he and Amy Harmon, when both were with the LA Times, invented the term to describe the social division between those who were very involved in technology and those who were not. According to the Benton Foundation, the term was first used in discussions of the National Information Infrastructure (NII) Advisory Council by former President William Jefferson Clinton circa 1993. A recently released book by Benjamin M. Companie entitled, "The Digital Divide: Facing a Crisis or Creating a Myth," credits Lloyd Morrisset, former president of the Markle Foundation, with creating the term. Linguist Frank Dance maintains Morrisset also is unsure if he deserves the credit. Edward Lee Lamoureux, Ph. D. Director, Multimedia Program and New Media Center Associate Professor, Speech Communication 1501 W. Bradley Bradley University Peoria IL 61625 309-677-2378 http://hilltop.bradley.edu/~ell/ http://gcc.bradley.edu/mm/

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Re: Inventor of the term "Digital Divide"?
by baterfly＠email.com 27 Mar '05

27 Mar '05

Hi, It might have been Lloyd Morrisett, the former president of the Markle Foundation, according to: http://elab.vanderbilt.edu/research/papers/html/manuscripts/race/science.ht… or James Wolfensohn, president of the Word Bank (ironic, rather), in a communication at UNCTAD X, according to: http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/scholar/johnson2000/index.html Silvia Bethencourt Community Information Coordinator TRI Community Exchange Inc http://www.tricomm.org.au/communitynet Undergraduate Student Curtin University of Technology BA of Internet Studies http://smi.curtin.edu.au/NetStudies/index.cfm > Hi, > > I read about the first time using the term "Digital Divide" it was in NTIA > documents of 1994. Here is a reference: > http://www.tcla.gseis.ucla.edu/divide/politics/pinkett.html > > Morino Institute says it was Larry Irving (3rd paragraph): > http://www.morino.org/divides/bio_irving.htm > > BUT Larry Irving said it was not him who invented the term, he just used it > a lot in high-level policy circles. So he was credited for popularizing it > with politicians, but he did not invent it. He said he has no idea where it > came from. > > Anyone got an idea who was the original inventor of the term "Digital Divide"? > > > >--- >Mag. Laurent Straskraba >Information Society Researcher > >post: Ontlstrasse 3, A - 4040 Linz, Austria / Europe >mobile: +43.650.7711861 (GMT +1) >e-mail: laurent(a)straskraba.net >web: http://www.straskraba.net >--- -- ___________________________________________________________ Sign-up for Ads Free at Mail.com http://promo.mail.com/adsfreejump.htm

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Virtual rape and online sexual harasswment
by Azy Barak 27 Mar '05

27 Mar '05

Kathy, See a recent article: Barak, A. (2005). Sexual harassment on the Internet. Social Science Computer Review, 23, 77-92. >Who writes about virtual rape and sexual harassment other than Julian Dibbell (or people arguing online about the mr bungle case who get their facts from dibbell)? Thanks, Kathy Mancuso University of South Carolina Department of Anthropology

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International Journal of Education and Development using ICT: First Issue Published
by Stewart Marshall 26 Mar '05

26 Mar '05

The International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT) is an e-journal that provides free and open access to all of its content. Vol. 1, No. 1 (2005) of IJEDICT has now been published online at http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewissue.php?id=3 Contents: ********* Editorial ---------------------------------------- Collaboration as a critical success factor in using ICT for capacity building and community development Stewart Marshall, The University of the West Indies, Barbados, West Indies Wal Taylor, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=35 Invited Articles ---------------------------------------- Facilitating the use of ICT for community development through collaborative partnerships between universities, governments and communities Stewart Marshall, The University of the West Indies, Barbados, West Indies Wal Taylor, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=24 Refereed Articles ---------------------------------------- Building Community Capacities in Evaluating Rural IT Projects: Success Strategies from the LEARNERS Project June Lennie, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Greg Hearn, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Lyn Simpson, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Megan Kimber, Queensland University of Technology, Australia http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=14 A Culture-Based Model for Strategic Implementation of Virtual Education Delivery Janice M Burn, Edith Cowan University Nalinee Thongprasert, Chulalongkorn University http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=17 Measuring Africas E-readiness in the Global Networked Economy: A Nine-Country Data Analysis Princely E. Ifinedo, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, University of Jyväskylä, http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=12 >From the Field ---------------------------------------- eReadiness and African Universities Royal D Colle, Cornell University http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=13 Using informal collaboration to develop quality assurance processes for eLearning in developing countries: The case of the University of Botswana and the University of the West Indies Distance Education Centre Marilyn Lee, University of Botswana Dianne Thurab-Nkhosi, Distance Education Centre, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago Daniela Giannini-Gachago, University of Botswana http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=31 Evolving Spaces in Landscape Management: Linking Spatial Information for Effective Decision-Making Ravindranath Rangoori, Foundation for Ecological Security Subrata Singh, Foundation for Ecological Security http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//viewarticle.php?id=11 ---------------------------------------- International Journal of Education and Development using ICT http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu//

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Re: [Air-l] Literature of bloggers
by Oriana Solta Gatta 26 Mar '05

26 Mar '05

Hello, Check out www.professional-lurker.com/linked/ static/Weblog_and_Blog_Bibliography.pdf for a bibliography of recent research and Gurak, et al's Into the Blogosphere, which is listed in the bibliography. Take care, Oriana -----Original Message----- From: "LEE JENG HOON" <jenghoon(a)hotmail.com> To: air-l(a)listserv.aoir.org Date: Thu, 24 Mar 2005 23:52:39 +0000 Subject: [Air-l] Literature of bloggers Hi. I am looking for some academic literature that analyzes blogging or bloggers. As many claim, bloggers show significant social impacts. Especially, recent journalistic functions generate much concerns and interests. If anyone knows good academic or even non-academic reports, I hope I like to read them. Please, let me know. Jenghoon Lee _________________________________________________________________ FREE pop-up blocking with the new MSN Toolbar - get it now! http://toolbar.msn.click-url.com/go/onm00200415ave/direct/01/ _______________________________________________ The Air-l-aoir.org(a)listserv.aoir.org mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers http://aoir.org Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: http://listserv.aoir.org/listinfo.cgi/air-l-aoir.org Join the Association of Internet Researchers: http://www.aoir.org/

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Re: MUDs, MOOs, MMRPGs, etc.
by Dmitri Williams 26 Mar '05

26 Mar '05

Folks considering questions relating to MUDs, MOOs, MMRPG, and any other sundry acronyms relating to online virtual worlds (competitive or otherwise) should point their browsers to http://terranova.blogs.com/ where they will find a vibrant blog comprised of academics and thoughtful game designers. There is also a research rolodex on the right that lists the now hundreds of researchers doing work in the area. It's a great resource. The "embedded ethnographer" would probably be one of these people, perhaps Constance Steinkhueler at Wisconsin. And, by the way, let me plug experiments and surveys as worthwhile data collection techniques in MMRPGs. I do this, and so do two enterprising Ph.D. students, Nick Yee at Stanford and Fleming Seay at Carnegie Mellon. It's worth noting that nearly every researcher in this area is also a player, regardless of their primary research method. -Dmitri >> >>I'm also interested in what people have found on this >> >>As for the young generation of mush-ers, how active and big is it? >> >>Even among my most online-active students, only a very few even >> >>know what a mud/moo/etc. is. They participate on message boards, >> >>blogs, IM, but don't mud. >> > >> >From your analytical perspective would the MMPORGs (eg Sims online, >> >World of Warcraft, Second Life and so on) be the same as MUDs? I'd >> >say that there would be plenty of people that don't know a MUD from >> >a MOO but are active MMPORGers. >> >> I agree - they follow similar logics - but several players dont >> necessarily know this. > >I think first of all we need a distinction here between MMORPG games >that are ostensibly about scoring points/leveling/advancing (world of >warcraft, knights of the old republic, everquest) and simulation games >which don't have any of that and are more about >roleplaying/performativity (second life, there). Correct me if I'm >wrong Radhika, you know I don't know much about history, but this >would be like the MUD/TinyMUD distinction, no? >There are already several people doing research in both fields: >*http://socialstudygames.com/ is a site where a bunch of ethnographers >come together to post about their work >*http://xirdal.lmu.de/ is a study of the quake modding subculture, >which is really interesting because of his research design. >*http://www.alex.golub.name/log/ Alex Golub is a UChicago PhD >candidate who is working on a project in Second Life among other >places and teaches a class on this topic >*there's definitely at least one other anthropologist who calls >herself an "embedded ethnographer" on an MMORPG but I can't remember >her name. >> >> > >> >Do you think that the non-text based and unarchived nature of the >> >games might make them harder to study? >> >> I would say you can study this - a triangulation of some particular >> methodologies would be useful - self-observation (actually playing >> and making notes), participant observation, reading manuals, and >> doing an observation of other players while they are playing and you >> are not, doing interviews... >> >> available static text transcripts are not necessarily the best way >> even with text based moos really. > >Of course you can study it! How do you think ethnographers work in >the offline world? No, it's not any harder--in some ways as an >anthropologist it's harder to have your fieldsite online because you >don't have the same Going To The Field separation experience as other >people do and thus you find yourself typically living life half in the >field and half at school and not doing either terribly well. I agree >with Radhika. Go take notes while watching people fragging IRL at >cons, if what you want to study is Quake. Observe your own >participation in the world. Copy and paste text from the talk >channels. Hang out in the world practicing some passive skill like >fishing or sitting around town so that you're a participant, yet you >can focus on chat. You might also look at avatars and the way they >interact through emotes, and who follows who in groups. The hard >thing about studying some MMORPGs would be that most of the activity >takes place within clan groups, which means that you would probably >have to qualify and maintain the requirements to be in one or maybe >several. This is also true of some simulation games, surprisingly. > >Kathy Mancuso >Department of Anthropology >University of South Carolina --------------- Dmitri Williams Assistant Professor, Speech Communication University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

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RE: [Air-l] virtual rape?
by Amanda Lenhart 25 Mar '05

25 Mar '05

Kathy, I wrote a short paper recently on the concept of virtual harm, using virtual rape as the case study. Here are some of the most relevant sources I used: Herring, Susan C. (2002) Cyber Violence: Recognizing and Resisting Abuse in Online Environments. Asian Women, vol. 14 (Summer) pp. 187-212 Huff, Chuck, Johnson, Deborah G., and Miller, Keith (2003). Virtual Harms and Real Responsibility: A Rape in Cyberspace, [WWW Resource] accessed from http://www.njcc.com/~techsoc/huff.html Mackinnon, Richard, (1997) Virtual Rape, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, [Online] vol 2. no. 4. March, 1997 accessed from http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol2/issue4/mackinnon.html And two readings from N. Katherine Hayles that aren't exclusively about virtual rape, but do speak compellingly about the virtual body: Hayles, N. Katherine. (1996) Boundary Disputes: Homeostasis, Reflexivity and the Foundations of Cybernetics, in Robert Markley (ed.) Virtual Realities and Their Discontents. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 11-37. Hayles, N. Katherine. (1999) The Condition of Virtuality, in Peter Lunenfeld, (ed.) The Digital Dialectic: New Essays on New Media, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp 68-94. I hope this is helpful. Best, Amanda Amanda Lenhart Georgetown University MA Candidate, Communications Culture and Technology and Pew Internet & American Life Project -----Original Message----- From: air-l-aoir.org-bounces(a)listserv.aoir.org on behalf of Kathy Mancuso Sent: Fri 3/25/2005 2:32 PM To: air-l-aoir.org(a)listserv.aoir.org Subject: [Air-l] virtual rape? AoIRers, Who writes about virtual rape and sexual harassment other than Julian Dibbell (or people arguing online about the mr bungle case who get their facts from dibbell)? Thanks, Kathy Mancuso University of South Carolina Department of Anthropology -- "Sometimes, I get so sick of fighting. I have to slay the dragons of the myth of heterosexual European [able-bodied] male society in my dreams, then get up in the morning and be an activist . . . What if there really was a level playing field? I would love to see how far I could actually go. What if all I had to show off was my mad skills? Wouldn't I really be able to fly then?" --Margaret Cho Websites for my projects: Anthropologists and labor unions allied: http://AAAUnite.blogspot.com Orphan Films (22-26 March 2006, CFP): http://www.sc.edu/filmsymposium Social software/blogging research (ask for CFP): http://del.icio.us/museumfreak SC Student Anth Conf (CFP): http://www.cas.sc.edu/Anth/events/scconference.htm USC does Britten's War Requiem: April 19, 7:30, Koger Center _______________________________________________ The Air-l-aoir.org(a)listserv.aoir.org mailing list is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers http://aoir.org Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: http://listserv.aoir.org/listinfo.cgi/air-l-aoir.org Join the Association of Internet Researchers: http://www.aoir.org/

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RE: [Air-l] virtual rape?
by Radhika Gajjala 25 Mar '05

25 Mar '05

I think Sandy Stone has a reference to Dibbel's work as well. Marcy Chvasta presented last year at a virtual seminar I organized and her position paper is up at http://www.cyberdiva.org/PTT/Marcy.html r At 03:50 PM 3/25/2005 -0500, you wrote: >Kathy, > >I wrote a short paper recently on the concept of virtual harm, using >virtual rape as the case study. > >Here are some of the most relevant sources I used: > >Herring, Susan C. (2002) Cyber Violence: Recognizing and Resisting Abuse >in Online Environments. Asian Women, vol. 14 (Summer) pp. 187-212 > >Huff, Chuck, Johnson, Deborah G., and Miller, Keith (2003). 'Virtual Harms >and Real Responsibility: A Rape in Cyberspace," [WWW Resource] accessed >from http://www.njcc.com/~techsoc/huff.html > >Mackinnon, Richard, (1997) "Virtual Rape," Journal of Computer-Mediated >Communication, [Online] vol 2. no. 4. March, 1997 accessed from >http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol2/issue4/mackinnon.html > >And two readings from N. Katherine Hayles that aren't exclusively about >virtual rape, but do speak compellingly about the virtual body: > >Hayles, N. Katherine. (1996) "Boundary Disputes: Homeostasis, Reflexivity >and the Foundations of Cybernetics," in Robert Markley (ed.) Virtual >Realities and Their Discontents. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University >Press, pp. 11-37. > >Hayles, N. Katherine. (1999) "The Condition of Virtuality," in Peter >Lunenfeld, (ed.) The Digital Dialectic: New Essays on New Media, >Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp 68-94. > >I hope this is helpful. > >Best, > >Amanda > > >Amanda Lenhart >Georgetown University >MA Candidate, Communications Culture and Technology >and >Pew Internet & American Life Project > > > >-----Original Message----- >From: air-l-aoir.org-bounces(a)listserv.aoir.org on behalf of Kathy Mancuso >Sent: Fri 3/25/2005 2:32 PM >To: air-l-aoir.org(a)listserv.aoir.org >Subject: [Air-l] virtual rape? > >AoIRers, > >Who writes about virtual rape and sexual harassment other than Julian >Dibbell (or people arguing online about the mr bungle case who get >their facts from dibbell)? > >Thanks, >Kathy Mancuso >University of South Carolina >Department of Anthropology > >-- >"Sometimes, I get so sick of fighting. I have to slay the dragons of >the myth of heterosexual European [able-bodied] male society in my >dreams, then get up in the morning and be an activist . . . What if >there really was a level playing field? I would love to see how far I >could actually go. What if all I had to show off was my mad skills? >Wouldn't I really be able to fly then?" --Margaret Cho > >Websites for my projects: >Anthropologists and labor unions allied: http://AAAUnite.blogspot.com >Orphan Films (22-26 March 2006, CFP): http://www.sc.edu/filmsymposium >Social software/blogging research (ask for CFP): >http://del.icio.us/museumfreak >SC Student Anth Conf (CFP): http://www.cas.sc.edu/Anth/events/scconference.htm >USC does Britten's War Requiem: April 19, 7:30, Koger Center >_______________________________________________ >The Air-l-aoir.org(a)listserv.aoir.org mailing list >is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers http://aoir.org >Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: >http://listserv.aoir.org/listinfo.cgi/air-l-aoir.org > >Join the Association of Internet Researchers: >http://www.aoir.org/ > > > >_______________________________________________ >The Air-l-aoir.org(a)listserv.aoir.org mailing list >is provided by the Association of Internet Researchers http://aoir.org >Subscribe, change options or unsubscribe at: >http://listserv.aoir.org/listinfo.cgi/air-l-aoir.org > >Join the Association of Internet Researchers: >http://www.aoir.org/

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